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The degree
of hotness or coldness of a body is known as its
temperature.
Temperature of a system depends upon the kinetic energy of
its molecules. Higher is the kinetic energy of molecules,
higher is its temperature and vice versa.
The
measurement of temperature with the help of some instrument
is known as thermometry and the instrument which is
used to measure the temperature is known as thermometer.
Temperature scale:
There are
two scales used to measure the temperature of a system.
1.
Centigrade
& Fahrenheit scale
2.
Kelvin scale
Centigrade
(°C) & Fahrenheit (°F) scale:
In
centigrade scale, two limits of 0°C (ice point) and 100°C
(steam point) are fixed as lower and upper limits.
In Fahrenheit scale, two limits of 32°F (ice point) and
212°F (steam point) are fixed as lower and upper limits.
Ice point
is the
temperature of a mixture of water and ice at pressure of one
atmospheric (100kN/m2).
Steam
point
is the
temperature of a mixture of water and steam at pressure of
one atmospheric (100kN/m2).
Kelvin
scale (°K):
It is the
absolute scale related to centigrade scale.
°K = °C +
273.15
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